شناسایی میکروارگانیسم‌های آنتاگونیست همراه فیلوسفر توت فرنگی و ارزیابی آنها در مهار زیستی Botrytis cinerea

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت

2 دانشیار، گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت

3 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمان، کرمان، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه جیرفت

10.22092/bcpp.2023.360936.328

چکیده

ب
بیماری کپک خاکستری ناشی از Botrytis cinerea یکی از بیماری‌‌های مهم توت‌فرنگی است که باعث پوسیدگی میوه پیش و پس از برداشت محصول می‌شود. کنترل زیستی با استفاده از عوامل بیوکنترل یک روش ایمن و سالم برای کاهش خسارت این بیماری است. در این پژوهش با استفاده از روش‌های مبتنی بر کشت، در مجموع 268 جدایه باکتریایی و 136 جدایه قارچی از فیلوسفر گیاهان توت‌فرنگی گلخانه‌ای و فضای باز شهرستان جیرفت جداسازی و خالص‌سازی شد. اثر آنتاگونیستی جدایه‌ها در برابر بیمارگر B. cinerea به روش­های کشت متقابل و بررسی هاله بازدارنده و اثر ترکیبات فرار در شرایط آزمایشگاه و همچنین خواص ضدقارچی باکتری‌های آنتاگونیست روی میوه توت‌فرنگی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. شناسایی جدایه‌های باکتری و قارچی منتخب براساس واکنش زنجیره­ای پلیمراز به ترتیب با تعیین توالی نوکلئوتیدی بخشی از ژن 16S–rDNA و ناحیه ITS–rDNA انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که از بین جدایه­های مورد بررسی جدایه‌های باکتریایی UJB1، UJB3، UJB4، UJB10، UJB5، UJB6، UJB7، UJB11، UJB2، UJB8 و UJB9 و جدایه قارچی UJF1300، UJF1301، UJF1302، UJF1303،UJF1304 ،UJF1305  اثر بازدارندگی موثری علیه  B. cinereaداشتند و ترکیبات فرار آنها رشد پرگنه بیمارگر را کاهش داد. در ارزیابی اثر ضدقارچی جدایه­های باکتری روی میوه توت‌فرنگی، جدایه‌های باکتریایی UJB8، UJB2، UJB11، UJB6، UJB5، UJB10، UJB4، UJB1 میزان شاخص بیماری ناشی از قارچ B. cinerea را به طور معنی‌داری نسبت به شاهد کاهش دادند. نتایج آنالیز داده­های حاصل ازتعیین توالی نوکلئوتیدی نشان داد که جدایه­های باکتریایی متعلق به جنس‌های Delftia (جدایه‌های UJB1، UJB3، UJB4، UJB10)، Bacillus (جدایه‌های UJB5، UJB6، UJB7، UJB11 و UJB2) و Stenotrophomonas (جدایه‌های UJB8 و UJB9) و جدایه‌های قارچی متعلق به گونه‌های Albifimbria verrucaria، Aspergillus terreus، Leptosphaerulina australis، Pilidium lythri، Pseudozyma flocculosa و Seimatosporium pistaciae می­باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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