مطالعه اثرات سینرژیستی ترکیبات شبه هورمون پوست‌اندازی و خاک دیاتومه بر قارچ بیمارگر Metarhizium anisopliae برای کنترل لارو سوسک شاخدار خرما Oryctes elegans

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

پژوهشکده خرما و میوه‌های گرمسیری کشور، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی اثرات کشندگی و سینرژیستی ترکیبات ضد سنتز کیتین و خاک دیاتومه در کنترل تلفیقی آن‌ها همراه با قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae در جمعیت سوسک شاخ­دار نخل بود. ترکیبات ضد سنتز کیتینی که در این پژوهش مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند شامل آتابرون، دیمیلین و نیمازول بودند. برای بررسی اثر سازگاری ترکیبات با قارچ
M. anisopliae، رشد میسلیومی و درصد جوانه­زنی قارچ M. anisopliae به روش اختلاط ترکیبات ضد سنتز کیتین با محیط کشت بررسی شد. پس از آن قدرت کشندگی ترکیبات ضد سنتز کیتین سازگار به‌صورت تکی و در تلفیق با قارچ M. anisopliae به‌روش زیست‌سنجی ارزیابی شد. بررسی‌ها نشان داد که قارچ M. anisopliae در تلفیق با کلیه ترکیبات ضد سنتز کیتین توانایی رشد میسلیومی و جوانه­زنی اسپور دارد. درصد جوانه‌زنی اسپور قارچ M. anisopliae در تمام غلظت‌ها در شرایط استفاده از نیمازول بالاتر از سایر ترکیبات بوده است. بالاترین شاخص سازگاری در شرایط اختلاط با غلظت 500 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر نیمازول و کم‌ترین شاخص سازگاری در شرایط اختلاط با غلظت 1000 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر دیمیلین بوده است. هر سه ترکیب دارای اثرات سینرژیستی در قدرت بیمارگری قارچ M. anisopliae روی مرحله رشدی لارو سوسک شاخ­‌دار بوده‌اند. اما نیمازول اثرات سینرژیستی بالاتری نشان داد. خاک دیاتومه مورد آزمایش توانایی ایجاد مرگ‌و‌میرروی مرحله رشدی لارو سوسک شاخدار خرما با متوسط غلظت کشندگی معادل 7/1269 میلی­گرم بر لیتر را داشت. این ترکیب همچنین دارای اثرات سینرژیستی روی قدرت کشندگی ترکیبات ضد سنتز کیتین و قارچ M. anisopliae بود. اما بیشترین قدرت کشندگی و سینرژیستی در شرایط اختلاط غلظت­های کشنده 50 درصد ترکیبات خاک دیاتومه، نیمازول و قارچ M. anisopliae مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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