شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی مگس‌های سیرفید شکارگر (Diptera: Syrphidae) در برخی کشت‌بوم‌های استان کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

طی سال‌های 95-1392 بررسی‌هایی در ارزیابی شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی سیرفیدهای شکارگر در برخی کشت‌بوم‌های مناطق معتدل استان کرمانشاه انجام شد. در این ارزیابی تعداد 15 گونه شناسایی و گونه‌ی Eupoedes corollae به‌عنوان گونه‌ غالب تعیین شد. برای شاخص یکنواختی Evennessبیش‌ترین مقدار آن مربوط به گندم آبی و کم‌ترین هم مربوط به باغات هسته‌دار به‌ترتیب به مقدار 72/0 و 25/. بود. در محاسبه­ شاخص غنایMargalefنیز کلزا و گندم دیم به­ترتیب با 83/11 و 77/4 بیش­ترین و کم­ترین مقدار این ضریب را در مقایسه با سایر کشت­بوم­ها داشتند. برای نسبت مشابهت Sorensonدر دو سال بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین میزان مشابهت مربوط به سیب- هسته‌دار و سیب- کلزا به‌ترتیب به میزان 88/0 و 5/0 بود. شاخص تنوع Shannon-Wiener نیزدر سال اول برای کشت‌بوم‌های سیب،گندم آبی، کلزا، هسته­دار و گندم دیم به‌ترتیب به‌ میزان 42/1، 41/1، 18/1، 07/1 و 01/1 محاسبه شد. در سال دوم هم مقادیر‌ این شاخص برای گندم آبی، سیب، کلزا و هسته‌داران به‌ترتیب 49/1، 28/1، 48/1 و 86/0 برآورد شد. بالا بودن مقدار شاخص Shannon-Wiener بیانگر بیشتر بودن تنوع بر حسب تعداد گونه بود. نتایج مقایسه واریانس این شاخص با استفاده از آزمون t نشان داد تمام کشت بوم‌ها از تنوع گونه­ای مشابهی برخوردارند
(P>0.05). کشت­بوم­های مورد ارزیابی دارای تنوع زیستی بالایی از مگس­های سیرفید شکارگر بوده و این تنوع زیستی کلید پایداری و بقای آن‌ها محسوب می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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