جدول زندگی دو جنسی سن-مرحله‏ و ظرفیت شکارگری سنNesidiocoris tenuis در تغذیه از Trialeurodes vaporariorum روی سه محصول مهم گلخانه‏ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان

2 دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، گروه گیاهپزشکی

3 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده; علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

4 مؤسسه‌ی تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور

5 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان

چکیده

سن شکارگر Nesidiocoris tenuis یکی از مهمترین دشمنان طبیعی سفیدبالک گلخانهTrialeurodes vaporariorum می‏باشد. در این تحقیق جدول زندگی دوجنسی سن- مرحله و توانایی شکارگری این شکارگر در تغذیه از پوره‏های سن دوم سفیدبالک گلخانه در دمای 2±25 درجه‏ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 10±65 درصد و دوره‏ی نوری 16:8 ساعت (تاریکی: روشنایی)‏ روی سه گیاه بادمجان، خیار و گوجه‏فرنگی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. میانگین‏ها و خطای معیار براساس روش بوت‏استراپ با یک‏صد هزار تکرار محاسبه شد. براساس نتایج به‏دست آمده مدت زمان نشو و نمای مراحل نابالغ (از تخم تا ظهور حشرات بالغ) در سه گیاه میزبان یاد شده به‏ترتیب 12/0±94/23، 27/0±94/22 و 21/0±43/22 روز، طول عمر حشرات بالغ ماده به‌ترتیب 49/0±2/21، 24/0±25 و 78/0±2/24 روز و نرها 91/1±16/26، 46/1±92/28 و 43/1±25/29 روز و میانگین تعداد تخم گذاشته شده توسط هر حشره‏ی ماده در طول زندگی به‏ترتیب 17/3±36/84، 32/2±44/114 و92/4±73/122 به‏دست آمد. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیّت (r) شکارگر روی بادمجان، خیار و گوجه‏فرنگی به‏ترتیب 0052/0±102/0، 0054/0±111/0 و 0046/0±117/0 (روز1-) و نرخ خالص تولید مثل (R0) به‏ترتیب 94/4±13/30، 6/6±87/40و 53/7±6/52 (تخم) محاسبه شد. بالاترین نرخ خالص شکارگری (C0) روی گیاه گوجه‏فرنگی (9/135±59/1803 پوره‏ی سفیدبالک/شکارگر) ثبت شد که با دو تیمار دیگر (27/114±17/1337 در خیار و 81/105±27/1163 در بادمجان) تفاوت معنی‏داری دا‏شت. تفاوت در نرخ تبدیل جمعیّت شکار به نتاج شکارگر (Qp) در گیاهان میزبان معنی‏دار نبود و به‌ترتیب 12/3±29/34، 97/3±72/32 و 41/4±61/38 پوره به ازای تولید یک عدد تخم شکارگر در گوجه‏فرنگی، خیار و بادمجان محاسبه شد. در مجموع، در این تحقیق گوجه‏فرنگی در مقایسه با دو گیاه دیگر میزبان مناسب‏تری برای نشو و نما و فعالیت شکارگری این سن شکارگر ارزیابی شد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

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